Applied Linguistics

UNIT IV

    Applied Linguistics is concerned with systematic study of  language structure, the acquisition of  first and second language, the role of language in communication and the status of language as the product of particular cultures and other social groups.

Mother Language (L1)

    It is a language that a person has been exposed to from birth, the L1 of a child is part of the personal, social and cultural identity.

Second Language (L2)

    It is a language learned by a person after his or her native language, especially as a resident of an area where it is in general use.

Foreing Language (FL)

    It is originally from another country. It is also a language not spoken in the native country of the person referred to.

    Some children learn more than one language from birth or from a very young age: they are bilingual or multilingual.

Sciences Involved:

1. PSYCHOLINGUISTICS: It is the study of the psychological and neurobiological factors that enable humans to acquire, use, comprehend and produce language.

2. SOCIOLINGUISTICS: It is the descriptive study of the effect of any and all aspects of society, including cultural norms, expectations, and context, on the way language is used, and society´s effect on language.

Sociolinguistics focuses on the society´s effect on language.

3. NEUROLINGUISTICS: It is the study of the neural mechanisms in the human brain that control the comprehension, production, and acquisition of language.

4. ETHNOLINGUISTICS: It is a field of linguistics which studies the relationship between language and culture, and the way different ethnic groups preceive the world.

5. ANTHROPOLOGICAL  LINGUISTICS: It is the subfield of linguistics (and anthropology), which deals with the place of language in it´s wider social and cultura context, and its roles in making and maintaining cultural practices and societal structures.

How those sciencies could be applied in a Language Teaching-Learning process to obtain the best results in the learners?

    The best way to obtain the better results as a professor is developing and working in the four skills of the language

• SPEAKING
• LISTENING
• WRITING
• READING

    The applied linguistics is used as a main source of the all sciencies of linguistics.

    The applied linguistics uses all those sciencies to develope linguistics solutions, being itself as the principle “tool” in the Teaching-Learning process.